狀語從句考點(diǎn)
◆典型陷阱題分析◆
1. “May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?” “No, you can’t go out _______ your work is being done.”
A. before B. until
C. as D. the moment
【陷阱】容易誤選B，誤認(rèn)為這是考查 not…until…結(jié)構(gòu)。
【分析】最佳答案選 C。句中的 your work is being done 表明“你正在做作業(yè)”，選 as 表原因。
2. “I’m going to the post office.” “_______ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”
A. As B. While
C. Because D. If
【陷阱】容易誤選A。
【分析】最佳答案選 B。盡管 as 和 while 均可用作從屬連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，但兩者有一個(gè)重要區(qū)別，就是這樣用的 as 從句的謂語不能是狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)然，如果 as 不是表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，其謂語是完全可以用狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的。如：
I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我很累了，所以很早就上床睡了。(此句中的 as 表示原因，意為“因?yàn)椤薄ⅰ坝捎凇?
請(qǐng)做以下兩題，答案均選 while，不選as：
(1) _______ you are at home alone, please don’t leave the door open.
A. While B. As
C. Before D. How
(2) _______ you are alone with her, tell her that you like her.
A. While B. As
C. After D. How
3. After the war, a new school building was put up ______ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. when
C. which D. where
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選 D。where 在此引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句，其意為“(在)……的地方”。請(qǐng)做以下類似試題(答案均選 where)：
(1) The famous scientist grew up _______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.
A. when B. whenever
C. where D. wherever
(2) She found her calculator _______ she lost it.
A. where B. while
C. in which D. that
(3) You should make it a rule to leave things _______ you can find them again.
A. when B. where
C. then D. which
(4) When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where
C. the place where D. where
(5) You should let your children play ______ you can see them.
A. where B. when
C. in which D. that
(6) Now he works in the factory ______ his father used to work.
A. where B. when
C. in which D. that
4. The visitor asked to have his picture taken _______ stood the famous tower.
A. that B. at which
C. when D. where
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選 D。此題與上面一題有些相似，但又有所不同：相似的是，where 均表示“在……的地方”，均用以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句;不同的是，此題還涉及倒裝，即此句的主語是 the famous tower，謂語是 stood，正常詞序?yàn)?where the famous tower stood，使用倒裝是為了保持句子平衡，避免頭重腳輕。
4. They kept trying _____ they must have known it was hopeless.
A. if B. because
C. when D. where
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選 C。when 在此的意思不是“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，而是“盡管”、“雖然”的意思。又如：
He walks when he might take a taxi. 盡管他可以坐出租車，但他卻走路。
He stopped trying when he might have succeeded next time. 盡管他本來下次就可以成功的了，但他卻停止努力了。
The boy was restless when he should have listened to the teacher carefully. 這男孩子本來應(yīng)該專心聽老師講的，但他卻坐立不安。
有許多同學(xué)只知道 when 表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，而不知道它還有其他許多意思，除上面提到的表示“盡管”、“雖然”外，when 還可表示“既然”、“考慮到”。請(qǐng)做下面的試題(答案選D)：
Why do you want a new job ______ you’ve got such a good one already?
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
5. He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone patted him on the shoulder.
A. as B. until
C. when D. while
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選 C。when 意為“這時(shí)(突然)”，主要用于某一動(dòng)作突然發(fā)生于另一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或剛要發(fā)生之時(shí)。此時(shí)的 when 可以連用副詞 suddenly，也可以不連用它，但值得注意的是，同學(xué)們不能單獨(dú)用 suddenly 來代替 when，如下面各題的答案選A，不選B：
(1) I was about to go out ______ the telephone rang.
A. when B. suddenly
C. as soon as D. directly
(2) We were swimming in the lake _______ the storm started.
A. when B. suddenly
C. until D. before
(3) She was walking down the road _______ she heard someone shouting for help.
A. when B. suddenly
C. until D. before
6. The fire went on for quite some time _______ it was brought under control.
A. when B. since
C. after D. before
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選 D。before 意為“在……之前”，句意是“大火在得到控制之前燃燒了相當(dāng)一段時(shí)間”。類似地，以下兩題也選 before：
(1) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _______ it got worse.
A. until B. when
C. before D. as
(2) Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ________ I could answer the phone.
A. as B. since
C. until D. before
(3) She is getting better by degrees, but it will be some time _____ she is completely well.
A. that B. since
C. when D. before
(4) They sat down opposite each other, but it was some moments ______ they spoke.
A. after B. before
C. since D. when
7. Mother asked me to take more money _______ something unexpected should happen.
A. in case B. so that
C. in order that D. when
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選 A。in case 起連詞作用，用以引導(dǎo)狀語從句，主要有兩種意思：一是表示條件，意為“如果”、“萬一”;二是表示“目的”，意為“以防”、“免得”。如以下各題也都選 in case：
(1) ________ I forget, please remind me about it.
A. In case B. So that
C. In order that D. When
(2) Take your umbrella just ________ it rains.
A. in case B. so that
C. in order that D. when
(3) Be quiet _______ you should wake the baby.
A. in case B. so that
C. in order that D. when
(4) Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.
A. in case B. so that
C. in order that D. when
(5). I’ll keep his address _____ I need it.
A. so that B. in order that
C. in case D. when
8. _______ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.
A. Having checked B. Check
C. If you check D. To check
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選，尤其可能誤選A。
【分析】最佳答案選 C。前面一個(gè)分句為條件狀語從句，后面一個(gè)分句為主語。現(xiàn)分析幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)：選項(xiàng) A 和 D 均為非謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)英語語法習(xí)慣，非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語應(yīng)與句子主語一致，而此句的 some spelling mistakes 顯然不能用作 having checked 或 to check 的邏輯主語，故不能選為答案;若選 B，則兩個(gè)句子之間缺少必要的連詞，也不對(duì)。請(qǐng)做類似試題(答案均選 C)：
(1) ________ more careful, the work might have been done better.
A. Being B. Having been
C. If you had been D. To have been
(2) _______ your diet, it is easy to reduce.
A. Watching B. To be watching
C. If you watch D. To have watched
(3) _______ a pair of compasses, it is easy to describe a circle.
A. Having B. To have had
C. If you have D. if having
(4) _______ for something, a receipt is given to you.
A. Paying B. Having paid
C. When you have paid D. To be paying
(5) _______ the sun rising slowly in the east, the scene is a perfect dream.
A. Seeing B. To be seeing
C. When you see D. Having seen
9. “Shall Mary come and play computer games?” “No, _______ she has finished her homework.”
A. when B. since
C. unless D. as soon as
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選 C。此句為省略句，答句句首的 No 表明其后省略的是一個(gè)否定句，全句補(bǔ)充完整為：She can’t play computer games unless she has finished her homework. 請(qǐng)做類似試題(答案均選B)：
(1) “Would you mind my sitting here with you?” “No, ______ you aren’t too noisy.”
A. when B. if
C. unless D. as soon as
(2) “Will he agree to come to join us in the work?” “No, _______ we promise him more money.”
A. when B. unless
C. unless D. as soon as
(3) “Can you finish the work in time?” “No, _______ we don’t sleep throughout the night.”
10. “When did he leave the classroom?” “He left _______ you turned back to write on the blackboard.”
A. the time B. the moment
C. until D. since
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選 B。the moment 用作連詞，意為“一……就……”，相當(dāng)于 as soon as。類似地，the minute, the instant 也可用作連詞，表示“一……就……”的意思。如以下試題也選 B：
(1)“Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?” “Yes, I gave it to her ________ I saw her.”
A. while B. the moment
C. suddenly D. until
(2) The doorkeeper gave the alarm _______ he saw the smoke.
A. while B. the instant
C. suddenly D. before
(3) I raised the alarm _______ I saw the smoke.
A. while B. the minute
C. suddenly D. since
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