Unit 4 Sharing
核心單詞
1. relevant
adj. 有關的；切題的
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
be relevant to= have sth. to do with 與……有關
The meeting is relevant to the matter in hand.
這次會議與正在進行的事情有密切關系。
In the exams, make sure that everything you write is relevant to the questions you have been asked.
在考試時一定要注意，你寫的所有內(nèi)容都要切合題意。
聯(lián)想拓展
relevance n. 關聯(lián)；相關性
have relevance to 與……有關
have no relevance to=have nothing to do with
與……無關
What you say has no relevance to the subject.
你所說的與主題無關。
高手過招
單項填空
Topics for compositions should be to the experiences and interests of the students. （2010•01•浙江寧波檢測）
A. Concerned B. dependent
C. concerning D. Relevant
解析：選D。句意為：作的題目應與學生的經(jīng)歷和興趣有關。be relevant to與……有關；而concerning 是介詞，相當于about,后面不加to。
2. adjust
vt.&vi.調(diào)整；使適合
I usually adjust my watch before I go to work in the morning.
我通常早上上班前校準我的表。
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
adjust(sth.／oneself)(to sth.)使適應；適應
It seems that the newcomers have adjusted themselves in the schoo1.
新的同學看適應了學校生活。
He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.
他使自己很快適應了這個國家炎熱的氣候。
These desks and chairs can be adjusted to the height of any child.這些桌子和凳子能被調(diào)整到適合任何孩子的高度。
聯(lián)想拓展
adjustment n. 調(diào)整；修正
adjustable adj. 可調(diào)節(jié)的；可調(diào)整的注意：該詞作不及物動詞時，意為“適應于”，后常跟介詞to。
高手過招
(1)單項填空
①You can’t see things clearly through a telescope unless it is correctly to your sight. （2010•01•江西九江檢測）
A. Adjusted B. Examined C. Checked D. tested
②You can this desk the height of any child. （2010•01•江西吉安檢測）
A. adjust; to B. make; to C. suit; to D. remain; for
(2)翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）
①他很快就適應了這種生活方式，從此幸福地生活著。
②許多新兵沒能很快的適應軍中生活，結(jié)果病倒了。
解析：(1)①選A。句意為：通過望遠鏡你看不清東西，除非你把它調(diào)好。adjust ...to 調(diào)整……以適應。
②選A。句意為: 你可以調(diào)節(jié)這張桌子以適應孩子的身高。 adjust sth. to sth.調(diào)整某物以適應某物。
(2)①He soon adjusted himself to the way of life and has lived happily ever since.
②Quite a few new soldiers could not adjust themselves to army life and fell ill.
3. participate
vi. 參加,參與；有關系
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
participate in參加,參與
Everyone in class is expected to participate in these discussions.
希望全班同學都能參與這些討論。
聯(lián)想拓展
participant n. 參加者,參與的人
participation n. 參與；分享
易混辨析
participate in/attend/join/take part in/join in
participate in 正式用語，表示參加，參與。強調(diào)與他人共同參加某一活動，暗示以一種積極的態(tài)度參加。
attend 正式用語，一般用于指參加會議，出席典禮或招待會等，也可以指上學，聽，聽或講座等。
join 常用詞，作及物動詞；通常指參加某組織或團體，并成為其中的一員，其賓語往往是the army/party/team/club等。
take part in 指參加群眾性的活動，側(cè)重說明主語參加該項活動并在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。part 前若有修飾語，要用不定冠詞。如take (an active) part in school/activities。
join in 參加正在進行的活動，其賓語一般是競賽、娛樂、談話、討論、聚會、游戲等名詞，可以用于join in (doing) sth./join sb. in (doing) sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)中。
高手過招
(1)單項填空
The teacher is easy?going, and she often in the pupils’games. （2010•01•安徽淮北檢測）
A. Participates B. acts
C. Joined D. took part
(2)用方框內(nèi)所給單詞或短語的適當形式填空 （原創(chuàng)）
join/join in/take part in/attend/participate in
①They all the plot.
②At the age of eighteen, he the party.
③The children the English Evening and had a good time.
④He didn’t school yesterday because of his illness.
⑤Zhou Enlai the student movements actively when he was at school.
(1)解析：選A。由時態(tài)可排除C，D兩項；根據(jù)句意表示的是“參加一個活動”可知，答案選A。
(2)①participated in ②joined ③joined in ④attend ⑤took part in
4. privilege
n. 特權(quán)；特別待遇
vt. 給予……特權(quán)
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
enjoy privileges 享受特權(quán)
the privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事
privilege sb. from ... 給某人特權(quán)使某人免于……
I hope to have the privilege of working with them again.
但愿有幸和他們再度合作。
聯(lián)想拓展
privileged adj. 有特權(quán)的
be privileged to do sth. 榮幸地去做某事
We are privileged to welcome you as our speaker this evening.
我們榮幸地歡迎你今晚給我們做。
解析：選B。句意為：女士們，先生們，我非常榮幸地介紹今晚的演講嘉賓。privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事。
5. donate
v. 捐贈，贈送
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
donate sth. to sb. 向某人捐贈某物
She donated a large sum of money to the charity.
她捐了一大筆錢給那個慈善機構(gòu)。
The van was donated to us by a local firm.
這輛貨車是當?shù)匾患夜揪栀浗o我們的。
聯(lián)想拓展
donation n. 捐贈；捐贈物；捐款
make/give/present a donation to sb. 捐贈給某人
send a donation to 把捐款寄至……
promise a donation 應允捐贈
高手過招
完成句子 （原創(chuàng)）
①He (捐贈)a million to the school.
②The rest of the money we get is (自捐贈).
答案：①donated ②from donations
6. purchase
vt.& n.買；購買; (以某種代價)換得；(經(jīng)過努力)取得，贏得(常與with連用)
The new couple spent some money on the purchase of the furniture necessary for their new house.
這對新婚夫婦花費了一些錢購買新房子里必備的家具。
The farm was sold at ten years? purchase.
這農(nóng)場以相當于十年土地收入的價錢售出。
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
made a purchase 買東西
leave sb.to his purchase 讓某人自謀生路
live on one?s purchase 自謀生計，自找活路
purchase freedom with blood 以血的代價贏得自由
purchase and sale 買賣
高手過招
翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）
①這是我前幾天買的一東西。
②你不努力什么也不能得到。
③他給他的兒子一些錢買本。
答案： ①It is a recent purchase of mine/what I purchased the other day.
②You can’t get any purchase without efforts/purchase anything if you don’t make any effort.
③He gave his son some money for the purchase of／to purchase school books.
7. distribution
n.分配；分發(fā) 分布狀態(tài)
At present, the distribution of profits cannot satisfy most of the people.
目前利潤的分配未能滿足大多數(shù)人。
聯(lián)想拓展
distribute vt. 分配; 散布
distribute sth. To 把某物分配/分發(fā)給……
distribute sth. Among 在……分發(fā)某物
Before the opening ceremony of the super-market, some workers are sent to distribute handbills on the street.
超市開業(yè)前，一些工作人員被派去街上散發(fā)傳單。
高手過招
翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）
①幼兒園的老師正在給小朋友們派發(fā)禮物。
②救援物資的發(fā)放依然在討論中。
答案：①The teacher in the kindergarten is distributing the gifts to the children.
②The distribution of the rescuing goods is under discussion.
重點短語
8. make any (a) difference to
對……有任何關系或影響；對……起作用
It makes a difference which you choose.
你選擇哪一個，事關重大。
Your support will certainly make a difference in our cause.
你的支持當然會在我們的事業(yè)中發(fā)揮重要作用。
聯(lián)想拓展
make no/a little/much/some difference
沒有/有一點/有很大的/有一些差別
tell the difference between 說出……的差別
make a difference between 區(qū)分……
高手過招
單項填空
Does it any difference whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00? （2010•01•陜西西安檢測）
A.Tell B. be C. give D. ake
解析：選D。句意為：我們是9點還是10點離開會有什么影響嗎？make any difference 有……影響。
9. stick out (of sth.)
=stick sth. out of
伸出；突出
Don’t stick your arm out of the car windo
不要把胳膊伸出車窗外。
聯(lián)想拓展
stick out for 堅持索��；堅決要求
stick at 堅持不懈
stick together 團結(jié)在一起；站在一起
stick to 堅持；忠于
stick up 向上突起；豎起
stick up for 支持；維護
高手過招
單項填空
Once you made a decision, you should it.
（2010•01•東濟南模塊檢測）
A.stick out B. stick to C. persist in D. insist on
解析：選B�？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意為：一旦你作出決定，你就應該堅持下去。stick to+ n./pron. 堅持；stick out 突出；堅持；persist in 固執(zhí)己見； insist on doing sth. 堅持做某事。根據(jù)句意，選B。
重點句型
10. I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.
我知道你急于了解我在這里的生活情況。我在信中附有幾張照片，能夠幫助你想像出我所談到的地方。
be dying to do sth意為“極想做某事”。
All of them are dying to see the movie.
他們所有人都極想看那部電影。
聯(lián)想拓展
be dying for sth. 極想得到某物
表示“渴望”的相關短語:
be thirsty for sth.
be eager to do sth.
desire to do sth.
have a strong desire for sth.
long to do sth./ for sth.
starve for sth.
have an urge to do sth.
be keen to do sth./ be keen on doing sth.
由動詞die組成的短語：
die away逐漸消失
高手過招
單項填空
Smallpox, a kind of disease, has now died .
（2010•01•河北石家莊檢測）
A. out B. away C. off D. Down
解析：選A。考查短語辨析。 die out 滅絕，消失;die away 漸息；die down 平息；die off (花、草)枯死。根據(jù)句意，選A。
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