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Listening Strategies
關(guān)于聽力的小技巧
Once you have begun to listen on a regular basis, you might still be frustrated by your limited understanding. Here are a few courses of action you can take:
一旦你開始定期聽英語，你可能仍會為自己局限的理解水平而感到沮喪。這里有一些你可以采納的小技巧：
Accept the fact that you are not going to understand everything.
接受你并不能聽懂所有內(nèi)容這個事實(shí)。
Stay relaxed when you do not understand -- even if you continue to have trouble understanding for a while.
當(dāng)你聽不懂的時候，請保持輕松的心態(tài)——即使你暫時在理解上仍有困難。
Do not translate into your native language.
不要把所聽到的內(nèi)容翻譯成你的母語。
Listen for the gist (or general idea) of the conversation. Don't concentrate on detail until you have understood the main idea(s).
聽對話的要點(diǎn)（或大體主旨）。在你了解對話大意之前，不要把注意力集中在細(xì)節(jié)上。
First, translating creates a barrier between the listener and the speaker. Second, most people repeat themselves constantly.
首先，翻譯制造了聽者和說話者之間的障礙。第二，大多數(shù)人會不斷地自我復(fù)述。
By remaining calm, you can usually understand what the speaker had said.
通過保持冷靜，你通�？梢岳斫庹f話人所說的話。
Translating Creates a Barrier Between Yourself and the Person Who Is Speaking
翻譯制造了你和說話的人之間的障礙。
While you are listening to another person speaking a foreign language (English in this case), the temptation is to immediately translate into your native language.
當(dāng)你在聽另一個說外語的人（在這種情況下是英語）時，大多人都會受到“誘惑”：即傾向于把所聽到的話，立刻轉(zhuǎn)化成你的母語。
This temptation becomes much stronger when you hear a word you don't understand. This is only natural as we want to understand everything that is said. However, when you translate into your native language, you are taking the focus of your attention away from the speaker and concentrating on the translation process taking place in your brain.
當(dāng)你聽到一個聽不懂的詞時，這種誘惑會變得更加強(qiáng)烈。這是很自然的，因?yàn)槲覀兿胍�理解說話人所說的一切。然而，當(dāng)你把聽到的內(nèi)容翻譯成母語時，你把注意力集中在腦海中的翻譯過程，而不是說話者的身上。
This would be fine if you could put the speaker on hold. In real life, however, the person continues talking while you translate. This situation obviously leads to less -- not more -- understanding. Translation leads to a mind block in your brain, which sometimes doesn't allow you to understand anything at all.Most People Repeat Themselves
如果你能讓說話人暫停一下，那就太好了。然而，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，當(dāng)你翻譯時，這個人會繼續(xù)說話。顯然，這種情況會讓你聽懂的更少，而不會是更多。因?yàn)榉�譯導(dǎo)致大腦中產(chǎn)生思維障礙，有時它根本無法讓你理解任何事。大多數(shù)人會不斷自我復(fù)述。
Think for a moment about your friends, family, and colleagues. When they speak in your native tongue, do they repeat themselves? If they are like most people, they probably do. That means that whenever you listen to someone speaking, it is very likely that they will repeat the information, giving you a second, third or even fourth chance to understand what has been said.
想一下你的朋友、家人和同事。當(dāng)他們用母語說話時，他們會重復(fù)講一遍嗎？如果他們像大多數(shù)人一樣，他們可能會這樣做。這意味著無論何時你聽別人講話，他們很可能會重復(fù)這些信息，給你第二次、第三次甚至第四次機(jī)會來理解所說的話。
By remaining calm, allowing yourself to not understand, and not translating while listening, your brain is free to concentrate on the most important thing: understanding English in English.
通過保持冷靜，允許自己有不理解的地方，而不是在聽的同時翻譯，你的大腦可以自由地集中在最重要的事情上：用英語理解英語。
Probably the greatest advantage of using the Internet to improve your listening skills is that you can choose what you would like to listen to and how many and times you would like to listen to it. By listening to something you enjoy, you are also likely to know a lot more of the vocabulary required.
也許，使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來提高聽力技能的最大優(yōu)勢是，你可以選擇你想聽的內(nèi)容以及你想聽的次數(shù)和時間。通過聽你喜歡的內(nèi)容，你就可能知道更多需要的詞匯。
Use Key Words
抓住關(guān)鍵詞
Use keywords or key phrases to help you understand the general ideas. If you understand "New York", "business trip", "last year" you can assume that the person is speaking about a business trip to New York last year. This may seem obvious to you, but remember that understanding the main idea will help you to understand the detail as the person continues to speak.
利用關(guān)鍵字或關(guān)鍵短語來幫助你理解主旨大意。如果你聽懂了“紐約”、“商務(wù)之旅”、“去年”這些詞，你就可以假設(shè)，說話人說的是去年去紐約的商務(wù)旅行。這似乎對你來說是顯而易見的，但是記住，理解主旨大意在說話人繼續(xù)說話的時候，可以幫助你理解細(xì)節(jié)。
Listen for Context
聆聽上下文語境
Let's imagine that your English speaking friend says "I bought this great tuner at JR's. It was really cheap and now I can finally listen to National Public Radio broadcasts." You don't understand what a tuner is, and if you focus on the word tuner you might become frustrated.
讓我們想象一下，你講英語的朋友說：“我在JR上買了這個很棒的調(diào)諧器。它真的很便宜，現(xiàn)在我終于可以收聽國家廣播之聲的廣播了�！蹦悴幻靼渍{(diào)諧器是什么，如果你一心關(guān)注調(diào)諧器這個詞，你可能會感到沮喪。
However, if you think in context, you probably will begin to understand. For example; bought is the past of buy, listen is no problem and radio is obvious. Now you understand: He bought something -- the tuner -- to listen to the radio. A tuner must be a kind of radio. This is a simple example but it demonstrates what you need to focus on: Not the word that you don't understand, but the words you do understand.
然而，如果你在上下文中思考，你就開始明白了。比如，“買”是過去買的，“聽”是沒有問題的，“收音機(jī)”是顯而易見的。現(xiàn)在你明白了：他買了一些東西——調(diào)諧器——收聽收音機(jī)。調(diào)諧器一定是一種收音機(jī)。這是一個簡單的例子，但它說明了你需要關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)：不是你不理解的詞，而是你真正理解的單詞。
Listening often is the most important way to improve your listening skills. Enjoy the listening possibilities offered by the Internet and remember to relax.
經(jīng)常聽聽力是提高聽力技能最重要的方法。享受互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供的可選擇的聽力內(nèi)容，并記得放松。

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