八年級（下）新目標(biāo)英語重點(diǎn)短語及句型總匯
Unit 1 Will people have robots?
1.fewer people 更少的人（fewer修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示否定）
2.less free time 更少的空閑時間（less修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示否定）
3.in ten years 10年后（in的時間短語用于將時，提問用How soon）
4.fall in love with…愛上…
例：When I met r. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once.當(dāng)我第一次見到許老師，我立刻愛上他。
5.live alone單獨(dú)居住
6.feel lonely感到孤獨(dú)（比較：live alone/go along等）
The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely。 那女孩獨(dú)自沿著街道走，但她并不感到孤獨(dú)。
7.keep/feed a pet pig 養(yǎng)一頭寵物豬
8.fly to the moon飛上月球
9.hundreds of +復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)百/幾百（概數(shù)，類似還有thousands of; millions of）
10.the same as和……相同
11.A be different from B A與B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)
12.wake up醒（wake sb. up表示 “喚醒某人”
13.get bored 變得厭倦（get/become是連系動詞，后跟形容詞如tired/angry/excited等）
14.go skating 去滑冰（類似還有g(shù)o hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等）
15.lots of/a lot of 許多（修飾可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞都可以）
16.at the weekends 在周末
17.study at home on computers 在家通過電腦學(xué)習(xí)
18.agree with sb.同意某人(的意見)
19.I don’t agree. = I disagree.我不同意
20.on a piece of paperpaper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可數(shù)名詞
21.on vacation度假
22.help sb with sth/help sb do sth幫助某人做某事
23.many different kinds of goldfish許多不同種金魚
24.live in an apartment 住在公寓里 /live on the twelfth floor住在12樓
25.live at NO.332,Shanghai Street住在上海路332號
26.as a reporter 作為一名記者
27.look smart顯得精神/看起聰明
28.Are you kidding? 你在騙我嗎
29.in the future 在將/在未
30.no more=not …anymore 不再（強(qiáng)調(diào)多次發(fā)生的動作不再發(fā)生）
31.no longer=not… any longer不再（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)不再發(fā)生）
32.besides（除…之外還，包括）與except =but（除…之外，不包括）
33.be able to與can 能、會
（be able to用于各種時態(tài)，而can只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)和一般過去時態(tài)中；have to用于各種時態(tài)，而must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)）
例如：1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. （不可以用can）
2. had to stay at home/ will have to （不可以用must）
34.be big and crowded大而且擁擠
34.be in college 在上大學(xué)
35.live on a space station 住在空間站
36.dress casually 穿得很隨意 casual clothing 休閑服飾
37.win the next World Cup 贏得世界杯 win award 獲僵
38e true 變成現(xiàn)實(shí)
39.take hundreds of years 花幾百年的時間
40.be fun to watch 看起有趣
41.over and over again 一次又一次
42.be in different shapes 形狀不同
43.twenty years from now 今后20年
44.本單元目標(biāo)句型：
1.What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?
2.There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.
fewer，less表示否定之意，分別修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞；more二者都可以修飾。
3.Will kids go to school? No, they won’t/Yes, they will。
4.Predicting the future can be difficult.
5.I need to look smart for my job intervie
6.I will be able to dress more casually.
7.I think I’ll go to Hong ong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.
8.What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?
9.That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.
本單元語法講解 一般將時
表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。本時態(tài)標(biāo)志詞：
1.含tomorrow; next短語；
2.in+段時間 ；
3.how soon；
4.by+將時間；
5.by the time sb.do…
6.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do
7.在時間/條狀語從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時, 主句用將時 8.another day
比較be going to 與will:
1. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will 表示的將時間則較遠(yuǎn)一些。
如：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將勢必發(fā)生的事情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“計(jì)劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而 will 則沒有這個意思，如：
She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.
4. 在有條從句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：
If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
掌握了它們的這些不同，你就能很好的區(qū)分be going to與will了。
一般將時常見的標(biāo)志詞
1.含tomorrow; next短語；2.in+段時間；3.how soon； 4. by+將時間；5.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do 例：Be quick, or you will be late=If you don’t be quick, you will be late 6.在時間/條狀語從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時, 主句用將時（另見Unit 5）
Unit 2 What should I do?
1.too loud太大聲
2.out of style過時的
3.in style 流行的
4.call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb.給…..打電話
5.enough money足夠的錢(enough修飾名詞時不必后置)
6.busy enough 夠忙 (enough修飾形容詞或副詞時必須后置)
7.a ticket to/for a ball game一張球賽的門票
注意：the key to the lock/the key(answer)r to the question)/the solution to the problem . 此處幾個短語不能用of表示所有格
8.talk about 談?wù)?
9.on the phone用電話
10.pay for付款
11.spend…on +sth.=spend...( in) doing sth. 在…花錢
12.It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花…的時間
13.borrow …from從….借( 借進(jìn))
14.lend…to 把…借給（借出去）
15.You can keep the book for a week你可以借這本書一周。（不用borrow或lend）
16.buy sth for sb為……買東西
17.tell sb to do /not to do sth.sth告訴某人做某事
18.want sb. to do sth.=would like sb. to do想某人做某事
19.find out 發(fā)現(xiàn)；查清楚；弄明白
20.play one’s stereo 放錄像
21.fail the test=not pass the test考試不及格
22.fail in (doing) sth…在...上失敗,變?nèi)?br>23.succeed in (doing) sth在...方面成功
24.write sb a letter/write to sb. 給某人寫信
25.surprise sb. 使某人吃驚（類似有：surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人）
26.to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是…..
27.to one’s joy使某人高興的是…..
28.look for a part-time job找一份兼職的工作（不一定有結(jié)果）
29.get/find a part-time job找到一份兼職的工作（有結(jié)果）
30.ask sb. for… 尋求/向某人要某物
31.have a bake sale賣燒烤
32.argue with sb = have an argument with sb.與某人爭吵
33.have a fight with sb.=fight with與某人打架
34.drop off 離去；散去；逐漸減少;死去
35.prepare for…=get ready for… 為…做準(zhǔn)備
36.after-school clubs(activities)外俱樂部（活動）
be/get used to doing 習(xí)慣做某事
used to do過去經(jīng)常/常常做某事
be used for doing=be used to do sth.被用于做某事
37.fill… up填補(bǔ)；裝滿… be full of裝滿
38.return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb.把某物歸還給某人
39.get on /along well with與…相處很好
40.all kinds of 各種各樣
41.as much as possible=as much as you can 盡可能多
42.take part in=join in 參加（某種活動/集會）
43.a bit =a little 一點(diǎn)兒（當(dāng)修飾形容詞或比較級時）
44.a bit of =a little 一點(diǎn)兒/一些（當(dāng)修飾不可數(shù)名詞時）
45.be angry with… 生…的氣
46.by oneself=on one’s own某人自己/獨(dú)自地
47.on the one hand一方面
48.on the other hand另一方面
49.I find/feel/think it difficult to do...我發(fā)現(xiàn)/感到/認(rèn)為做某事很難.
50.see/hear/watch sb. doing sth.看到/聽見/注視某人正在做…
51.not…until 直到…才（謂語動詞一般是非延續(xù)動詞）
52.表示某人情緒有關(guān)的形容詞用法:
be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed
說明：當(dāng)主語是某人時，注意后面的形容詞一般是-ed結(jié)尾的單詞，而當(dāng)主語是某物時或修飾名詞時，注意后面形容詞一般是-ing結(jié)尾單詞.）
如: I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/ interesting /amazing news.
53. radio advice program 電臺提建議的節(jié)目
54. be original 新穎的
55. leave something somewhere 把某物忘在某處
56 sports clothes 運(yùn)動服
57. the same age as=as old as 和--- 年齡一樣
58. the tired children 疲憊不堪的孩子
59. complain about (doing sth) 抱怨……
60. take their children from activity to activity 帶著孩子參加一個接一個的活動
61. try to do sth, 盡量干某事 try doing sth 試著干某事
62. be under too much pressure 壓力太大
63. a mother of three 三個孩子的媽媽
64. take part in after-school clubs 參加后俱樂部
65. compepition starts from a very young age 競爭從很小年紀(jì)就開始了
66. compare…with 和---比較
67. organized activities 有組織的活動
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
1.What’s wrong(with you)?/What’s the matter?
2.What should I do?我該怎么辦
3.You could write him a letter.你可以給他寫封信 .You should say sorry to him.你應(yīng)該給他道歉.
4.They shouldn’t argue.他們不應(yīng)該爭吵.
5.Why don’t you talk to him about it?
=Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it.
=What/How about talking to him about it.=You’d better talk to him about it.
6.The parents try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives.
7.Activities include sports, language learning, music and math classes.
Thirty people, including six children (six children included), went to visit the factory.
8.People shouldn’t push their children so hard.
9.Parents are trying to plan their kids’ lives for them. When these kids are adults, they might find t difficult to plan things for themselves.
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
1.in front of 在……的前面（外部） in the front of 在……的前面（內(nèi)部）
2.in the library在圖書館
3.get out of/get into出……之外/進(jìn)入
4.sleep late睡懶覺 sleep well 睡得好 get to sleep=fall asleep 睡著
5.walk down/along沿……走
6.take off(飛機(jī))起飛；脫下（衣帽）
7.on Sunday evening在星期日晚上
注意:（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某個特定的上、下午、晚上用on）
8.in the tree在樹上 on the tree在樹上
9.take photos照相
10.at the train station在火車站
11.run away跑開，逃跑
12.as+adj原形 as和…一樣…
例如：She is (not) as beautiful as her sister. I can run as fast as he(him)
13.buy/draw/make sth. for sb.為某人買/畫/制作
14.walk home走回家
15.in history在歷史上
16.for example例如
17.in the city of在……市
18.on the playground在操場上
19.ten minutes ago十分鐘前
20.take place發(fā)生（強(qiáng)調(diào)必然性）
21.happen to sth./sb. 發(fā)生（強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性）
例如：What has happened to you?=What’s the matter with you?=What’s wrong with you?
22.of course=sure=certainly 當(dāng)然
23.all over the world=around the world 遍及全世界
24.outside/inside the station在車站外/內(nèi)
25.next to相鄰，緊貼
26.close to接近于；在附近
27.be ill in hospital/bed 生病住院/在床
28.hear about/of 聽說（間接聽到）
29.in silence沉默不語 keep silent 保持沉默
30.an unusual experience 一次不尋常的經(jīng)歷
31.have fun doing sth 干某事有樂趣
32. have difficult time doing sth干某事有困難
33.have meaning to 對—有意義
34.become the first Chinese astronaut in space 成為中國第一個太空宇航員
35.a national hero 一個民族英雄
36. be famous all over the world 全世界出名
37. for the first time 第一次
本單元目標(biāo)句型:
1. What were you doing when I arrived/at that time/at 8:00 last night/from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday?
2. I was doing sth. When+一般過去時的時間狀語從句...
3. How about... / What about...?
4. While sth./sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth....
5. 當(dāng)不明飛行物著陸時，你正在干啥？What were you doing when the UFO landed?
6. 當(dāng)媽媽正在做飯時，我在看電視。While my mother was cooking ,I was watching TV.
7. was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me.
8. You can image how strange it was.
9. I followed to see where it was going.
10. Isn’t that amazing!
11. She didn’t thinking about looking outside the station.
12. I was so tired this morning. It was difficult to get out of the bed.
13. Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympics.
14. Beijng was made host to the 2008 Olympics.
15. People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.
16. This was one of the most important events in modern American history.
17. Even the most everyday activities can seem important.
18. Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen.
19. However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists.
20. Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course.
21. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours.
本單元語法講解
過去進(jìn)行時（Past Progressive Tense）
句型 S + was/were +V-ing…
例A：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening.
（昨天傍晚八點(diǎn)半她正在做家庭作業(yè)。）
例B：We were having supper at that time.
（那個時候我們正在吃晚飯。）
解說
如例1 所示，在單句中使用過去進(jìn)行時表達(dá)時必須把該動作正在進(jìn)行中的時間表明清楚，否則就不合邏輯了。例如：I was taking a bath yesterday. （錯）
（昨天我正在洗澡——昨天24小時都正在洗澡嗎？）
所以本句應(yīng)該如例1表達(dá)，或者用一般過去時表達(dá)如下：
I took a bath yesterday.（昨天我洗了澡。）
如果由上下的意，或者對談中的話意可以了解“動作正在進(jìn)行中的時間”，單句里就使用過去進(jìn)行時表達(dá)是很普通的，例如：
A：I called you up yesterday evening.
B：Did you? At what time?
A：At around ten o'clock. （大約在十點(diǎn)鐘。）
B：Oh, I was taking a bath then.（哦，當(dāng)時我正在洗澡。）
過去進(jìn)行時在表達(dá)上常用的句式是如例2所示和另一個一般過去時的動作相搭配。請觀察下面的圖解說明：
過去有二動作A和B（如圖示），在B動作發(fā)生時稍早發(fā)生的A動作正好在進(jìn)行中，所以這種表達(dá)法通常都是復(fù)句（主句+副詞從句）。例如：
When I got up this morning, other was preparing breakfast in the kitchen.
（今天早上我起床時媽媽正在廚房里準(zhǔn)備早餐�！皁ther…�！笔侵骶洌皐hen…，”是副詞從句。）
常用于修飾過去進(jìn)行時的時間副詞：過去的某一定點(diǎn)時刻（at + 過去的時刻），then （= at that time）（那時，當(dāng)時），all + 時間，“When…/While…/As…”等副詞從句，etc.
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working
1.every Saturday每周六
2.first of all首先
3.both……and……兩者都（謂語動詞要注意對稱原則）
4.neither….nor 兩者都不（謂語動詞要注意就近和對稱原則）
5.most of…絕大多數(shù)
6.an exciting week令人興奮的一周
7.agree on something同意某人的計(jì)劃；對….取得 一致意見
8.agree to do sth.答應(yīng)/同意做…
9.pass on (to) 傳遞
10.be supposed to do sth. 被期望或被要求做... ...
11.be mad at …… 對……瘋狂/生氣
12.do better in=be better at 在......方面做得更好
13.be in good health 身體健康
14.report card 成績單
15.sound /feel /smell /taste /look 是連系動詞，一般只能跟adj.做表語
16.sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like
聽起像…/感覺像…/聞起像…/嘗起像…/看起像…+sb./sth.
17.get… over 克服；恢復(fù)；原諒
18.open up 打開/展開/開發(fā)/揭露
19.care for 照料；照顧；意愿；計(jì)較
20.have a(surprise) party for sb. 為某人舉行一次（驚喜0聚會
21.end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考試
22.not----anymore 不再
23.do a home project 做作業(yè)
24.be surprised\happy\excited to do sth 做某事感到驚訝、高興、激動
25.be \get nervous 感到緊張
26.have a very hard time with.. 在---日子不好過
27.an disappointing result 令人失望的結(jié)果
28.take\ leave a message 捎（留）個口信
29.have a big fight
30.it is a good idea for sb. to do sth
31.to teach in China’s rural areas
32.feel lucky
33.people who need help 需要幫助的人
34.something we can do for them 我們能為他們做的事
35.there is no difference between…and.. 在…和…之間沒有區(qū)別
36. Groups and the work they do
GroupsThe work they do
GreenpeaceCares for ‘other Earth”
Doctors Without BordersHelps sick people in poor countries
UNICEFHelps children in poor countries
WWFCares for wild animals in danger
37. the Hope Project 希望工程
38. fortunately 幸運(yùn)地是
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
轉(zhuǎn)述他人話語:What did sb. say? He said I …She said she…They said…
1.許老師告訴我徐夢蝶會說二種語言。r. Xu told me that Xuengdie could speak three languages.
2.許老師說地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。r. Xu said (that)the earth turns around the sun.
3.許老師告訴我他將去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day.
4.許老師說歐洋正在做作業(yè)r. Xu said OuYang was doing his homework at that time.
5.許老師說王碩研勤奮。r. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working.
6.在英語上，與聽相比，我更擅長于讀。In English, I’m better at reading than listening.
7.情況怎樣？ How’s it going?
8.她不想再當(dāng)我最好的朋友了。She didn’t want to be my best friend anymore.
9.I said it would start a bad habit , and that she would do her own work.
10.That’s about all the news I have no um and Dad send their love.
11.She said helping others changed her life.
12.Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not like fun to you.
13.The Peking University graduate first went there as an volunteer on a one-year program.
14.Life in the mountains was a new experience for Lang Lei. Her village was 2,000metere above the sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick.
15.Young people today need to experience different things
16.Some of the students may not be able to go to senior high school or collage.
17.I can open up my students’ eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.
18.She said she likes being a good influence in the children’s lives.
19.She noorks as a math teacher at a high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province.
20.You are at B’s house working on a homework project.
21.You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it, but A didn’t come to the bus stop.
22.A calls you with a message for C. Pass on the message, and then give C’s answer to A.
23.What are some things that happen on soap operas?
本單元語法講解
直接引語和間接引語
（一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi)，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等進(jìn)行改變。
1. 時態(tài)的變化：直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said，asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態(tài)，即把原的時態(tài)向過去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變一般過去時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時等。
例如： Tom said to me,“ y brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等等的變化；根據(jù)意義進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化。 如：
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因?yàn)樵涞木涫讲煌宰兂砷g接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。
1.陳述句的間接引語：陳述句由直接引語變間接引語，由that引導(dǎo)，可以省略。
“I want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要蘭色的。” 他說。
→He told us that he wanted the blue one.他說他想要蘭色的。
She said to me, “You can’t do anything no” 她對我說：“此刻你無法做任何事情�！�
→She told me that I couldn’t do anything then. 她對我說那時我無法做任何事。
2. 疑問句的間接引語
直接引語如果是疑問句，變成間接引語后，叫做間接疑問句。間接疑問句為陳述語序，句末用句號，動詞時態(tài)等的變化與間接陳述句相同。引述動詞常用ask, wonder, want to know等間接疑問句一般有三種：
(1)．一般疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時， 由whether或if 引導(dǎo)。 如：
“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked. “他在上海工作過嗎？”吉姆問。
→Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆問他是否在上海工作過。
“Can you tell me the way to the hospital?” The old man asked.
那個老人問：“你能告訴我去醫(yī)院的路嗎？
→The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital.
那老人問我是否能告訴他去醫(yī)院路。
(2). 特殊疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，仍由原的疑問詞引導(dǎo)。 如：
“Which room do you live in?” He asked. “你住哪個房間？”他問我。
→He asked me which room I lived in. 他問我住哪個房間。
“What do you think of the film?” She asked. 她問“你怎么看這部電影？”
→She asked her friend what she thought of the film.她問她朋友怎么看這部電影。
(3). 選擇疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，由whether/if …or引導(dǎo)。 如：
“Is it your bike or Tom’s? um asked.媽媽問：“這是你的自行車還是湯姆的？”
→um asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom’s.媽媽問這是我的自行車還是湯姆的。
“Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” ate asked.
“你妹妹喜歡蘭色的裙子還是綠色的？”凱特問。
→ate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.
凱特問我妹妹喜歡蘭色裙子還是綠色的。
3. 祈使句的間接引語當(dāng)祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語時，間接祈使句的引述動詞常用tell，ask，order，beg，request，order等，而把直接祈使句變成帶to的不定式短語。 如：
Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, ary.” 杰克說：“瑪麗，明天請到我家。”
→Jack asked ary to go to his house the next day. 杰克請瑪麗第二天到他家去。
The teacher said to the students, ”Stop talking.” 老師對學(xué)生們說：“不要講話了�！�
→The teacher told the students to stop talking.老師讓學(xué)生們不要說話了。
“Don’t touch anything.” He said.“不要碰任何東西�！彼f。
→He told us not to touch anything. 他對我們說不要碰任何東西。
4. 動詞時態(tài)和代詞等的變動
(1). 某些代詞，限定詞，表示時間或地點(diǎn)的副詞和個別動詞在間接引語中的變化規(guī)則：
直接引語 間接引語
today that day
now then, at that moment
yesterday the day before
the day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day / the following day
the day after tomorrow two days after, / in two days
next week/ month etc the next week/month etc
last week/ month etc the week / month etc. before
here there
this that
these those
come go
bring take
(2). 如果引述動詞為現(xiàn)在時形式，則間接引語中的動詞時態(tài)，代詞，限定詞和表示時間或地點(diǎn)的副詞不用變化。而如果引述動詞是過去時，以上內(nèi)容就要有相應(yīng)變化。
變化情況如下： 現(xiàn)在時間推移到過去的時間(注意:如果直接引語是表示客觀規(guī)律的,那么時態(tài)仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時
一般現(xiàn)在時 →一般過去時；
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 →過去進(jìn)行時；
一般將時→過去將時；
現(xiàn)在完成時→過去完成時；
Unit 5 If you go to the party，you’ll have a great time!
1.at the party在晚會上
2.ask sb. to do sth. 請某人做某事
3.stay at home呆在家
4.half the class/students一半學(xué)生
5.get injured受傷
6.have a great time =have a wonderful\good time 玩得高興
7.take …away運(yùn)走，取走 put away 收起，放好
8.all the time=always 一直，始終
9.make a living (by doing sth)謀生
10.in order to do sth… 為了做某事
11.have a party 舉行聚會
12.go to college 上大學(xué)
13.be famous for… 因……而著稱 be famous as… 作為…而出名
14.make money =earn money 掙錢
15.in fact 事實(shí)上
16.laugh at… 嘲笑
17.too much太多(修飾不可數(shù)名詞)
18.too many太多(修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)) much too+形容詞/副詞 太…
19.get exercise 鍛煉 注意（exercise當(dāng)“鍛煉”是不可數(shù)名詞；而當(dāng)“操”“練習(xí)”是可數(shù)名詞）
20.travel around the world周游世界
21.work hard 努力工作
22.wear jeans 穿牛仔褲
23.let ... in 允許……進(jìn)入，嵌入 keep…out 不允許。。進(jìn)入
24.get an education 獲得教育
25.take… away拿開，拿走
26.study for the test 準(zhǔn)備考試
27.make some food 準(zhǔn)備食物 make dumplings 做水餃 make the bed 整理床鋪
28.half the class 一半的學(xué)生
29.the rules for school parties 學(xué)校派對的規(guī)則
30.children’s hospital 兒童醫(yī)院
31.join the Lions 加入獅隊(duì)
32.give money to schools and charities 給學(xué)校和慈善組織捐錢
33.become a professional soccer player 成為一個職業(yè)的足球運(yùn)動員
34.organize the games for the class party 為班級派對準(zhǔn)備游戲
35.play sports for a living 靠體育運(yùn)動為生
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
1. If you do, you’ll… 2. I’m going to … 3. You should…
4. Don’t you want to …? 5. Don’t you think ….?
①如果李老師去參加晚會，我們將會玩得非常高興。 If s Li goes to the party, we’ll have a great time.
②如果你穿牛仔褲去晚會，李老師將不會讓你進(jìn)入。If you wear jeans to the party, s Li won’t let you in.
6. For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.
7. If you become a professional athlete, you will be able to make a living doing something you love.
8. However, professional athletes can also have many problems.
9.If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere. This can make life difficult.
10.If you become rich, you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.
11.In fact, many famous people complain that they are not happy.
本單元語法講解
if 引導(dǎo)的條狀語從句。If是連詞，所連接的句子 叫條狀語 從句，表示假設(shè)或條，意思是 “ 如果…的話”，用法如下：
1、表示假設(shè)，表示將會發(fā)生和可能發(fā)生的事，或進(jìn)行提醒警告。句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下： If +句子（一般現(xiàn)在時），+主句（主語will/may/can) +動詞）
a. If you finish your homework , you can go out and play.
b. If I have enough money next year , I will go to travel .
2. 表示真實(shí)條、客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象、定理定義 . 民 間諺語等，句型是：
If + 句子 （一般現(xiàn)在時 ），+ 主句 （ 一般現(xiàn)在時）.
例： If you study hard ,you are sure to succeed .
If you put ice in a warm place ,it turns into water .
If a glass falls on the floor, it usually breaks
If you cook a banana, it becomes very soft .
If a plant don’t get enough light ,it grows very tall and thin.
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
1.raise money for 籌錢
2.collect stamps集郵
3.run out of…用盡
4.by the way順便說一下
5.on the way to..在…的路上
6.be interested in對…感興趣
7.more than=over 超過
8.fly kites放風(fēng)箏
9.start class 開始上
10.start a snow globe collector’s club 開辦雪球儀收集者俱樂部
11.the most common(unusual, interesting) hobby 最普通的愛好
12.listen to music videos 聽音樂碟片
13.organize a talent show to raise money for charity 為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐錢而舉辦的才藝展示
14.extra English lessons 額外的英語
15.have problems with the language 語言方面有問題
16.the capital of Heilongjiang Province 黑龍江的省會
17.an interesting city with a colorful history 一個有著豐富多彩歷史化的有趣的城市
18.three and a half years =three years and a half三年半
19.a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans 一雙滑冰鞋/一雙鞋/一副眼鏡/一條褲子/牛仔褲
How much is a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?
= How much does a(this) pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?
How much are the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?
= How much do the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
1.How long have you been skating? 你滑冰有多長時間了？
2.I’ve been skating since nine o’clock./since I was four years old.
我從九點(diǎn)一直滑到現(xiàn)在/我從四歲一直滑到現(xiàn)在。
3.I’ve been skating for five hours.我一直滑了五小時 。
4.The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China.
我對中國的歷史了解得越多， 我就越喜歡住在中國。
5.Was this your first skating marathon? No, I skated in a marathon last year.
6.When did you get your first pair of skates?
7.Alison was the first one to start and has been skating for the whole five hours.
Alison是第一個開始并且已經(jīng)滑了整整5個小時。
8.I’m talking to you from the Hilltop School Skating arathon.
9.For every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.
每滑一個小時，每位學(xué)生可為慈善事業(yè)籌集10元錢。
10.Thanks for sending me the snow globe of the monster. In fact I think it’s probably my favorite.
謝謝你送我的怪物雪球儀。事實(shí)上，我想它可能是我的最愛。
11.y mom says I have to stop, because we’ve run out of room to store them.
媽媽說我必須停止了，因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)沒有地方存放他們了。
12.The first one I ever got was a birthday cake snow globe on my twelfth birthday.
我得到的第一個雪球儀是我十二歲生日得到的生日蛋糕雪球儀。
13.I particularly love globes with animals. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.
我特別喜歡動物雪球儀。如果你知道其他人收集他們的話，請告訴我們。
14.By the way, what’s your hobby?
15.I’m interested in the job as a writer.
16.The school newspaper needs a writer. We will give you different topics to choose from. To get the job, please answer these four questions. 校報(bào)需要一個撰稿人。我們會給你一些不同的話題選擇。要得到這份工作，請回答這樣四個問題。
17.How many Chinese dynasties can you think of? 你能想起多少中國朝代？
18.Can you think of famous characters from the history of other countries? ake a list.
從其他國家歷史中，你能記起一些著名人物嗎？列個表。
19.In fact, the first Jews probably came to aifeng more than a thousand years ago and were welcomed by the Song Emperor.
事實(shí)上，第一批猶太人可能在一千多年前就到開封而且受到宋朝皇帝的歡迎。
20.There is some European influence in the city, and some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian style.這個城市有歐洲化的影響，而且哈爾濱的一些老建筑還是俄羅斯風(fēng)格的。
21.For a foreigner like me, the more I learn about Chinese culture, the more I enjoy living in China.
對于一個像我一樣的外國人說，我對中國化了解越多，我就越喜歡住在中國。
22.And although I live quite far from Beijing, I’m certain I will be here for the Olympic Games in 2008.
盡管我住得離北京很遠(yuǎn)，但我相信2008年奧運(yùn)會我一定在這兒。
本單元語法講解
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時：表示從過去某時開始到現(xiàn)在這一段時間里一直在延續(xù)的動作。
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行式結(jié)構(gòu)：have / has +been+ doing/
1．I have been writing the letter since then.從那時起我一直在寫這封信。（動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)）
2．I have been collecting stamps for ten years.自從10年前我就收集郵票了（動作從過去一直現(xiàn)在還在收集）。
3． How long have you been living here?你在這兒已經(jīng)住了多長時間了。（“居住”動作從過去一直現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)）
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別：
1現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時比現(xiàn)在完成時更強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性：
2如果沒有時間強(qiáng)調(diào)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示動作仍在進(jìn)行，現(xiàn)在完成時則表示動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，
3現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時一般不適用于表狀態(tài)的動詞，而現(xiàn)在完成時則可。
Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?
1.turn… down/turn… up關(guān)小聲/調(diào)大聲音（電器）
2.turn… on/ turn …off 打開/關(guān)閉（電器）
3.move the bike移動自行車
4.in a minute/right away/in no time立刻,馬上
5.be late for school/class=arrive late for school 上學(xué)/上遲到
6.wait in line=stand in line排隊(duì)等候
7.cut in line=jump a queue插隊(duì)
8.get mad/annoyed變得生氣
9.happen to sb 發(fā)生在…身上
10.half an hour半小時
11.at first=first of all首先
12.at last=in the end=finally 最后
13.allow sb. to do /not to do sth.允許某人做/不做某事
14.be allowed to do /not to do sth.某人不被允許某人做/不做某事
15.in public 當(dāng)眾地；公開地；公然地
16.in public places在公共場所
17.break the rule 不遵守規(guī)則
18.pick… up撿起
19.put …out熄滅
20.drop litter 扔垃圾
21.keep the voice down控制聲音
22.do the dishes
23.put on another pair of jeans
24.be at a meeting
25.help me in the kitchen
26.make some posters
27.clothing store
28.follow…around
29.want to be polite
30.stand in the subway door
31.cut in line
32.stand close to ..
33.have different ideas about
34.feel uncomfortable
35.in all situations
36.in public places
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
1.Would you mind cleaning the yard? 你介意打掃院子嗎?
2.Not at all. I’ll do it right away. 一點(diǎn)也不. 我馬上就掃.
3.Would you mind not playing baseball here.你介意不要在這打棒球嗎?
4.Would you mind giving me a smaller one?
5.Sorry, we’ll go and play in the park.對不起，我們到公園去打.
6.Could you (please) make dinner? 請做晚飯好嗎?
7.That’s no problem沒問題.
8.Could you (please) not feed the dog?=Would you mind not feeding the dog?= Would you (please) not feed the dog?=Please don’t feed the dog, will you?請不要喂狗好嗎?
9.If you finish these tasks, we can go to a movie tonight.
10.Your barber gave you a terrible haircut.
11.The store clerk gave you the wrong size.
12.The waitress brought you the wrong food.
13.The pen you bought didn’t work.
14.You ordered a hamburger with French fries but only got a hamburger.
15.We asked some people what annoyed them. Here’s what they said.
16.I don’t like waiting in line when a shop assistant has a long telephone conversation.
17.This happens to me all the time in the school library.
18.Perhaps in the future I should try not to be so polite.
19.The way people behave is different in different cultures and situations.
20.Sometimes, rules of etiquette are the same almost everywhere.
21.We might want to ask someone to behave more politely if we see them breaking a rule of etiquette.
22.Etiquette means normal and polite social behavior.
23.This may seem like a difficult word at first, but it can be very useful to understand.
24.In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public if possible.
25.People don’t usually like to be criticized, so we have to be careful hoe do this.
26.看到有人抽煙你可以說：Could you please put out that cigarette?
27.看到有人亂丟垃圾你可以說：Would you mind picking it up?
28.看到有人插對，你可以說：Sorry, would you mind joining the line?
常見動名詞、分詞的習(xí)慣用法總結(jié)
使用-ing分詞的幾種情況
1.在進(jìn)行時態(tài)中。如：1）.He is watching TV in the room.
2）.They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介詞后面。如：Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball？
What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么樣?I am interested in playing football.
5.在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中,常接動詞的ing形式：
1）enjoy doing sth 喜歡做某事；
2）finish doing sth 完成做某事；
3）feel like doing sth 想要做某事；
4）stop doing sth 停止做某事（原的事）
5）forget doing sth 忘記做過某事；
6）go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事（原的事）；
7）remember doing sth 記得做過某事；
8）like doing sth 喜歡做某事；
9）find /see/hear/watch sb doing 發(fā)現(xiàn)/看到/聽到/觀看某人做
10）try doing sth 試圖做某事；
11）need doing sth 需要做某事；
12）prefer doing sth 寧愿做某事；
13）mind doing sth 介意做某事；
14）miss doing sth 錯過做某事；
15）practice doing sth 練習(xí)做某事；
16）be busy doing sth 忙于做某事；
17）can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事；
18）waste time/money doing浪費(fèi)時間/金錢做…
19）keep sb.doing讓…始終/一直做…
20） stop sb.(from)doing阻止某人做某事
21）prefer doing B to doing B=like A better than A喜歡做A更喜歡做B
22） “do some +doing”短語
如：do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking
23）“go doing” 短語去做某事（主要指娛活動等）
如：go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪/go boating /go hunting (打獵)
注意動詞的過去分詞的常見搭配:
I feel(am/was) excited/ surprised/ amazed /interested /tired/pleased/worried/
lost
eep…closed/ a boy called/named Tom
Unit 8 Why don’t you get her a scarf?
1.fall asleep 入睡
2.give… away贈送；分發(fā)
3.rather than 寧愿…而不是，勝于
4.would do…rather than do 寧愿…不愿做
5.hear of… 聽說
6.make friends with和……交友
7.photo album 相冊
8.too personal 太私人化
9.not interesting\special \creative enough不夠有趣
10.make a special meal 做一頓特別的飯
11.an 8-year-old child 一個六歲的孩子
12.these days 最近
13.not…at all 根本不
14.different kinds of 不同種類
15.make her happy 使她高興
16.someone else 別人（else總是后置）
17.improve English提高英語
18.in different ways 以不同的方式
19.encourage sb to do 鼓勵某人做
20.make(great) progress 取得進(jìn)步
21.take an interest in/be interested in 對……感興趣
22.on my twelfth\twentieth birthday
23.a goldfish—two goldfish
24.a pig named\called Connie
25.from across China
26.enter a test by singing popular English songs
27e from all age groups
28.the winner of the women’s competition
29.win the prize
30.try to speak English more
31.a spokesperson from the Olympic Committee
32.hear of
33.many other fun ways to learn English
34.make friends with a native speaker of English
35.find a good way to learn to learn English.
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
1.What should I get my mom for her birthday? 我應(yīng)該為我的媽媽買什么?
2.Why don’t you/Why not buy /What about buying/How about buying a scarf? 為什么不買條圍巾呢?
3.What’s the best gift you have ever received? 你曾收到的最好禮物是什么?
4.What a lucky guy! 多幸運(yùn)的家伙!
5.I think a dog is a good pet for a 6-year-old child.
6.Really? I don’t agree. Dogs are too difficult to take care of.
7.What are advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?
8.The trendiest kind of pet these days is the pot-bellied pig.
9.Pot-bellied pigs make the best pets.
10.However, life with a pig isn’t always perfect.
11.Now she is too big to sleep in the house, so I made her a special pig house.
12.The movie was boring. I fell asleep half way through it.
13. A leaf from a tree is enough to make her very happy.
13.Gift giving is different in different countries.
14.The same gift may be given away to someone else.
15.In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than
buy them gifts.
16.In Sweden, doing something for someone is the best gift. People don’t need to spend too much money. Instead, making a meal is enough.
17.China will be the host for the 2008 Olympics and so many Chinese people try to improve their English in different ways.
China will hold the….
18.Nearly all the singers sang very clearly, and looked comfortable on stage.
19.Some of these singers were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers.
20.She said that singing English songs made her more interested in learning English.
21.He agrees that it is a good idea to have fun with English.
22.It suggests ways for Beijingers to take an interest in learning English.
常見動詞不定式詞組、句型用法總結(jié)
.固定用法(非謂語動詞)：以下是帶to的動詞不定式常見搭配
★希望做某事hope to do sth.
★決定做某事decide to do sth.
★同意做某事agree to do sth.
★需要某人做某事need to do sth.
★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth
★迫不及待做某事can’t wait to do
★準(zhǔn)備做某事get/be ready to do
★盡力/努力做某事try to do sth
★計(jì)劃做某事plan to do sth.
★不得不have to do
★輪流做某事take one’s turns to do sth.
★拒絕做某事refuse to do sth.
★告訴某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.
★請某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.
★希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.
★想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth.
★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth.
★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.
★喜歡/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth.
★幫助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do
★encourage sb to do鼓勵某人做
★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事
例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard.
★It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事時候了
例句:It’s time for me to go home.
★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 對于某人說做某事是……（當(dāng)adj.是表示性格、品德的形容詞時用of）
例句: It is easy for me to learn it well.It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.
★It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某時間
例句:1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. 2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night.
3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work.
★too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能 例: He was to angry to say a word.
★find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感到做某事是…例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.
★序數(shù)詞+to do 第…..個做某事例句:Who is the first to get there?
★我不知/忘記了怎么辦。I didn't know/forgot what to do.
★離開房間時不要忘記/記住關(guān)燈
例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room
★be+adj+to do sth例句:I am very sorry to hear that.
I am ready to help others.I am happy/pleased/glad to meet you.
順口溜：本領(lǐng)最多不定式，主表定補(bǔ)賓和狀；樣樣成分都能干，只有謂語它不敢；大家千萬要小心，有時它把句型改；作主語時用it，自己在后把身藏；七個感官三使役，賓補(bǔ)要把to甩開；疑問詞后接上它，賓語從句可充當(dāng)；邏輯主語不定式，不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定，各種用法區(qū)別開。
以下是不帶to的動詞不定式(即動詞原形)的常見用法
★let sb. do sth讓某人做某事
★★ make do sth使得某人做某事
★ hear do sth do sth聽見某人做某事
★see do sth do sth看見某人做某事
★why not 或why don’t you +動詞原形？為什么不….?（表示建議）例:Why not/Why don’t you take a walk?
★某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事
★情態(tài)動詞can/may /must /should+ 動詞原形（包括情態(tài)動詞的否定形式+動詞原形）
★助動詞do/does/did/will/would在構(gòu)成疑問句或者構(gòu)成否定句即don’t /doesn’t /didn’t /will not /would not+ 動詞原形
★be going to + 動詞原形（表示“即將”“打算” 做某事）
Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?
1.take a ride 兜風(fēng)
2.take the subway
3.have been to, have gone to
4.on the one hand, on the other hand
5.a good place to practice your English
6.outside of China
7.end up 結(jié)束
8.take a holiday/vacation度假
9.all year round 全年
10.such as 例如
11.a zoo called/named… 一個叫做……的動物園
12.during the daytime 在白天
13.wake up 醒
14.wake somebody up 喚醒/叫醒某人
15.have a great/nice/wonderful/great time 玩得高興
16.a wonderful place to take a holiday/to visit一個度假/游覽的好地方
17.an English-speaking country一個講英語的國家
18.be asleep=fall asleep 睡著
19.go on a DISNEY cruise
20.travel to another province of China
21.the reasons for learning English
22.an exchange student
23.improve my listening skills
24.one….,the other..
25.Three quarters of the population are Chinese.四分之三的人口是中國人（謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式）
26.What’s the population of China? 中國的人口是多少？（不用how much提問）
27.the population of China is 1.3 billion中國的人口是13億。（謂動詞用單形式）
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
1. e neither.
2.It’s fun to learn another language.
3.Disneyland is an amusement park, but we can also call it a theme park.
4.It has all the normal attractions you can find at an amusement park, but it also has a theme.
5.the roller coaster is themed with Disney characters.
6.You can see Disney characters walking around Disneyland all the time.
7.These are huge boats that also have the Disney theme. You can take a ride on the boat for several days, and you sleep and eat on board.
8.There are also many attractions on board just like any other Disneyland.
9.The boat rides all take different routes, but they all end up in the same place.
10.It is just so much fun in Disneyland.
11.Here’s what two of our students said about our school.
12.When I was a young girl, all I ever wanted to do was traveling, and I decided that the best way to do this was to become a flight attendant .
13.I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well, so I studied English at the Hilltop Language School for five years before I became a flight attendant.
14.It was because I could speak English that I got the job.
15.It’s all I have ever wanted to be.
16.However, I know that I have to improve my English, so I have started taking lessons at the school.
17.aybe when I leave school I’ll think about becoming an English teacher rather than a tour guide.
18.What other job is he thinking of doing?
19.You can rent bicycles at the amusement park.
20.For many Chinese tourists, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful place to take a holiday.
21.aybe you fear that you won’t be able to find anything to eat in a foreign country.
22.However, if you ‘re feeling brave, Singapore is an excellent place to try new food.
23.If you go to see lions, tigers, or foxes during the daytime, they’ll probably a asleep.
24.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round..this is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you like—spring, summer, or winter.
現(xiàn)在完成時句型舉例：
1.Have you ever been to an amusement park?你曾經(jīng)去過游樂園嗎?Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t.
2.I have never been there. e neither=Neither have I. 我也沒有.
3.Where is he? He has gone to the Beijing.
4.How long has he been in Beijing? （不能用come/arrive）
5.I’ve never been to an aquarium. 我從沒去過水族館.
6.I have been a student here for a year.我成為這的學(xué)生有一年了. （不能用become）
=I became a student here a year ago.
7.He has been dead for two years.（不能用die）=he died two years ago.
8.I have been a teacher since ten years ago(for ten years.) （不能用become）
9.I have just/ever/already/never seen the movie. Have you ever heard of the man before?
本單元語法講解
現(xiàn)在完成時
1. 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。本時態(tài)標(biāo)志詞：
already （“已經(jīng)”，用于肯定句中，放在have /has之后或句尾）；
yet （“仍然”“還”，用于疑問句或否定句的句尾）
just（“剛剛”，放在have /has之后）；
before（“以前”，放在句尾）；
ever（“曾經(jīng)”，放在have /has之后）
never （“從沒有”，在have /has之后）
例句：
1.Our teacher has just left.
2.We have studied English already.
3.I have not finished the homework yet.
4.He has never been to Beijing before.
2. 某個動作從過去已經(jīng)開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,還有可能持續(xù)到將.動作的持續(xù)性要通過一段時間表示一段時間的表達(dá)方法有兩種:
for: +一段時間 for a year for two weeks for three years
Since +過去的某一時刻, since nine since last week
Since +一般過去時態(tài)的時間狀語從句 since you came ; since you got home.
注意：結(jié)束性動詞不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用,但是它們可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞.
1. 直接用延續(xù)性動詞
buy? have；catch(get) a cold ?have a cold；borrow—keep；become—be；put on-- wear
2. 轉(zhuǎn)換成be+名詞
join the army ? be a soldier；join the Party ?be a Party member；
go to school? be a student
3. 轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞
die—be dead；finish ? be over；begin—be on；leave—be away ； fall sleep ? be asleep close ? be closed come to/ go to/arrive at(in)+某地—be in(at) +某地
4. 轉(zhuǎn)換成 be+介詞短語go to school? be in school ； get up_ be up；
現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)常見標(biāo)志詞
1.already（已經(jīng)）, just（剛剛）, never（從未/從沒有）, ever（曾經(jīng)）, yet（仍然/還）, before（以前（句尾時）
2.since+點(diǎn)時刻或從句; for+段時間; how long（疑問句中用提問since/for短語的）
3.so far；till now；by now（到目前為止；迄今）
4.recently近in the past/last+段時間 在過去的幾年中
5.once(一次)，twice, three(four…) times
6.It is the+最高級+n.+ (that) sb.have ever done
例：What’s the best gift you have ever received? 你曾收到的最好禮物是什么?
Unit 10 It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
1. feel like doing=want to do sth.想做某事
2. like to do sth./like doing sth. 喜歡做某事
3. would like to do=want to do想要做某事
4. like sb. to do想要某人做某事
5. feel like sth. 覺得像….
6. have a hard/difficult time doing sth 費(fèi)了很大勁做某事
7. have problem doing sth做某事有困難
8. have fun doing sth樂于做某事
9. need to do sth.需要做某事（主語是人，強(qiáng)調(diào)主動）
10. need doing=need to be done 需要被…（主語是物，強(qiáng)調(diào)被動）
例如：I need to do my homework The bike needs mending/reparing
11. a thank-you note for..感謝信
12. look through 瀏覽
13. get along/ on well with相處得好
14. at least 至少
15. at most 最多
16. be careful =look out 當(dāng)心,小心
17. be careful to do/not to do sth. 小心做/不做某事
18. cross a street =go across a street 過街（穿過表面）
19. go through 穿過（空間/房間/森林等）
20. go past經(jīng)過/路過
21. come along 跟著
22. say in a low/loud voice小聲地/大聲地說
23. something cost+錢= something is worth+錢 某物值多少錢
24. a high/low temperature高/低溫
25. the price is high/low價格高/低
26. do/try one’s best to do sth. 努力/盡力做某事
27. by noon
28. look through books in a bookstore
29. a boy you’ve never seen before
目標(biāo)句型：反意疑問句句型如下：
注意：以下本單元語法反意疑問句容易考到的幾個句型：
1.It looks like rain, doesn’t it? Yes, it does./No, it doesn’t 看起要下雨了,是嗎?
2.He’s really good, isn’t he?他確實(shí)好,是嗎?
3.You are new here, aren’t you? 你是新的, 是嗎?
4.You have never been to Beijing, have you? ( never表達(dá)否定含義,后面用肯定)
5.She has few friends, does she? (few表達(dá)否定含義,后面用肯定)
6.Tom had little work to do, did he? (little表達(dá)否定含義,后面用肯定)
7.You can hardly do the work, can you? (hardly表達(dá)否定含義,后面用肯定)
8.Let’s go home, shall we?
9.Don’t be late again/Let us go home, will you?(祈使句用will you;但Let’s開頭的用shall we)
10.Thank you so much for asking/inviting /having me!非常感謝你邀請我
11.How much does that shirt cost=How much is the shirt?那襯衣值多少錢?
12.He sure is.
13.This is great weather, isn’t it? It sure is. But it’s a little hot for me.
14.The line is slow, isn’t it?
15.Their prices are really low, aren’t they?
16.How big is your apartment?
17.Did you see the game on TV Friday night?
18.Sometimes it isn’t easy being the new kid at school.
19.The video you showed was really fun.
20.I was having a hard time finding it until you came along.
21.Friends like you make it a lot easier to get along in a new place.
22.Thanks for the tickets for next week’s game.I’m really happy to have the tickets.
23.I’ll think of you as we watch the Black Socks win the game.
24.The traffic is very busy at this time.
25.I’m going to look through the newspaper for a holiday job.
26.Be careful to look both ways before you cross the street.
27.If you have finished your homework, you could help with cleaning and cooking.
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